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Solution: First Missing Positive

Explore how to solve the first missing positive integer problem efficiently through cyclic sort. Understand how to place integers in correct positions to identify the smallest missing positive number with a linear time and constant space algorithm.

Statement

Given an unsorted integer array, nums, return the smallest missing positive integer. Create an algorithm that runs with an O(n)O(n) time complexity and utilizes a constant amount of space.

Note: The smallest missing positive isn’t the first positive number that’s missing in the range of elements in the input, but the first positive number that’s missing if we start from 11.

Constraints:

  • 11 \leq nums.length 105\leq 10^5 ...