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Solution: Snapshot Array

Explore how to build a Snapshot Array that supports setting values, taking snapshots, and retrieving past states efficiently. Understand both naive and optimized approaches using nested dictionaries, evaluate time and space complexities, and learn how to implement this custom data structure to manage snapshots effectively.

Statement

In this challenge, you have to implement a Snapshot Array with the following properties:

  • Constructor (length): This is the constructor and it initializes the data structure to hold the specified number of indexes.

  • Set Value (idx, val): This property sets the value at a given index idx to value val.

  • Snapshot(): This method takes no parameters and returns the Snap ID. Snap ID is the number of times that the snapshot function was called, less 11, as we start the count at 00. The first time this function is called, it saves a snapshot and returns 00. The nthn^{th} time it is called, after saving the snapshot, it returns n1 ...