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Grokking the Coding Interview Patterns in Python

Solution: Populating Next Right Pointers in Each Node

Learn how to connect nodes at each level in a perfect binary tree by setting their next pointers efficiently. This lesson explores a breadth-first search pattern that uses the tree’s structure to perform level order traversal without extra space. Understand and implement the optimized approach that achieves O(n) time complexity and constant space usage, improving on the naive queue-based method.

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Statement

Given a perfect binary treeA binary tree in which all the levels are completely filled with nodes, and all leaf nodes (nodes with no children) are at the same level., where each node contains an additional pointer called next. This pointer is initially set to NULL for all nodes. Your task is to connect all nodes of the same hierarchical level by setting the next pointer to its immediate right node.

The next pointer of the rightmost node at each level is set to NULL.

Constraints:

  • The number of nodes in the tree is in the range
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