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Introduction to Top K Elements

Explore the top K elements coding pattern to understand how to efficiently identify the largest or smallest subset of elements from unsorted data using min and max heaps. Learn to maintain a heap of size K for faster selection without full sorting, and see real-world applications in ride-sharing, finance, and social media.

About the pattern

The top k elements pattern is an important technique in coding that helps us efficiently find a specific number of elements, known as kk, from a set of data. This is particularly useful when we’re tasked with identifying the largest, smallest, or most/least frequent elements within an unsorted collection.

To solve tasks like these, one might think to sort the entire collection first, which takes O(nlog(n))O(n \log(n)) time, and then select the top k elements, taking additional O ...