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The Java Interview Handbook: 300+ Interview Questions

Catch Blocks and Try-with-Resources

Explore how to structure exception handling in Java by using catch blocks and the try-with-resources statement. Understand proper catch order, resource management, and preserving diagnostic information to build robust applications.

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When an operation can throw an exception, Java provides language features for catching and handling it, closing resources with try-with-resources, and preserving diagnostic information about failures.

Let’s explore how to structure recovery logic using catch blocks and the modern try-with-resources statement.

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How do we handle multiple different exceptions in a single try block?

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Let’s look at a method that properly orders its catch blocks:

Java
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.IOException;
class Program {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        processFile(1);
    }
    static void processFile(int val) {
        try {
            if (val == 1) {
                throw new FileNotFoundException("File missing.");
            }
            if (val == 2) {
                throw new IOException("General I/O error.");
            }
        } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
            System.out.println("Caught the specific file exception.");
        } catch (IOException e) {
            System.out.println("Caught the broader I/O exception.");
        }
    }
}

  • Lines 17–18: We catch the FileNotFoundException first. This is a subclass of IOException, so it must appear at the top. ... ...