Sharing Memory Between Functions and Ownership

Introduction

The ownership of local variables is clear. A function creates a local variable, uses it, and upon finishing its execution, it deallocates the local data.

We say that the function owns the variables or the memory. For example:

void func()
{
    int x = 3;
    x = x + 5;

    printf("%d\n", x):
}

The scope of the local variable x is limited to the func function. We can say that func owns the variable x.

However, consider the following example, which involves dynamic memory allocations:

int* func()
{
    int* x = malloc(sizeof(int));
    if(x

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